Holidays Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Holidays Comparison - Essay Example The essay "Holidays Comparison" presents the comparison of two holidays - the ‘4th of July’ and the ‘Christmas’. As holidays make our lives interesting, therefore, it is very common for people to wait for upcoming holidays. The main difference between these holidays is that the nature of both holidays differs to a large extent if we take a closer look at the reason for which they are celebrated. Christmas holidays have their origin in the Christian religion and for this reason, Christmas holidays may be regarded as having a religious feel. They are a reflection of the Christian belief system. And the 4th of July has a patriotic feel since it relates to a historical achievement of the American people in the history. Another prominent difference is the weather that is associated with these holidays. The 4th of July and summer appear to be bonded together and hence the celebrations are in accordance to the warm weather. Christmas is during the cold part of the year and so Christmas is celebrated in warm clothes coupled with snow. As far as similarities are concerned, both holidays are well recognized throughout the nation and both have national acceptance and approval; so the whole nation celebrates them in a unified form. Both holidays serve to give the message of being united at the national level; an aspect that is important in the international scenario. Both holidays provide a means of interaction and recreation to the masses, who are otherwise absorbed in their busy daily lives throughout the year.

Explore Joe Gargerys role in Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Explore Joe Gargerys role in Great Expectations Essay In Great Expectations, Joe acts as a father figure to Pip, when he is in fact his brother-in-law, as Joe married Pip’s sister, Mrs Joe Gargery. We are introduced to Joe as a â€Å"mild, good-natured, sweet-tempered, easy-going, foolish, dear fellow†. Pip describes him as a kind and gentle man, making the reader immediately like him. â€Å"Good-natured† and â€Å"sweet-tempered† give Joe an endearing quality, so the reader is drawn to him. However, â€Å"foolish† introduces a potentially negative side to his character, like he is stupid, although this too could be considered endearing. Perhaps Dickens does this so that we can understand Joe’s actions better, or at least don’t view him too negatively when he can’t protect Pip from Mrs Joe. In contrast to his gentle personality, he is a blacksmith, and therefore a strong man. Pip thinks of him â€Å"like the steam-hammer, that can crush a man or pat an egg shell†. He is likening Joe to a machine in the forge, giving Joe a sense of power. Although, â€Å"crush† is quite a violent word, suggesting Joe to be violent, which he definitely is not. Perhaps Dickens included this detail to make us respect Joe, which is important for later on in the novel, so we don’t just view him as a â€Å"sweet-tempered† man. But there is a sense of this good natured man in the word â€Å"pat†, it could potentially have paternal connotations. Perhaps this links to the image of the egg shell as well, as it is a fragile protector of life. Furthermore Joe could almost be seen as the protector of Pip’s life, as he saves him several times. Also egg shells can be strong, but have weak sides if they are put under stress, just like Joe has a weak side he can’t protect Joe from Mrs Joe Gargery. As well as this, there is the idea that Joe is in control, in the words â€Å"can† and â€Å"or†, he can choose which side of himself to be, strong or gentle. This is a very adult concept, but Joe can sometimes be very childlike. Joe can’t deal with the idea of death, despite being a strong blacksmith. When Pip asks Joe if Miss Havisham died, he eventually replies â€Å"she ain’t living†. This is a very backward way of saying it, a way we don’t normally use, showing Joe’s childish innocence. He avoids the subject of death again, when Pip asks him if he had heard of Magwitch’s death. Even though Joe never knew him personally, he avoids saying the words, instead he says he heard â€Å"something or another in a general way in that direction†. The vagueness of this statement is almost humorous, he can’t even just say â€Å"yes†. Joe is unable to confirm a person’s death, he just brushes over the subject, not fully acknowledging or possibly understanding it, like a child would. Another way Dickens portrays this childishness is through making Joe illiterate. Pip writes him a letter, and all he can read is his name: â€Å"Why, here’s three Js, and three Os, and three J-O, Joes, in it, Pip! † The exclamation mark at the end implies he is excited and proud that he has managed to read, and that he is wanting Pip to recognise his achievement, like a child would want their father too. This childishness makes Joe a lovable character, the reader wants to see him do well. Perhaps it also makes Pip’s behaviour towards him seem worse, from the reader’s perspective, as Joe is such an innocent character. Whilst Joe may not have great knowledge or academic skills, he possesses something most of the other characters dont have, self-knowledge, he recognises he is illiterate and ‘stupid’. He tells Pip on two separate occasions that he is â€Å"most awful dull†. He is accepting of himself, he knows he is not the cleverest, in fact â€Å"awful† suggests that he thinks he is very stupid. Moreover, â€Å"dull† could imply many things, not only that he is stupid, but also that he isn’t sharp. Perhaps this is a reference to him being a black smith, that he is like one of his hammers, only good for physically things, he’s not sharp witted or clever. â€Å"Dull† could also intimate that he thinks he is boring, perhaps why he struggles to talk to, or be in the presence of people in a higher class to himself, because he considers himself boring and unworthy. But this ‘dullness’ does not stop him from being wise. Throughout the novel, Joe gives Pip many pieces of advice, for example â€Å"if you can’t get to be oncommon through going straight, you’ll never get to do it through going crooked†. Joe, even though he is perhaps the most uneducated character (shown in the wording of the sentence) he can sometimes be the most wise and honourable. Because of this he acts as a hidden role model for Pip. Not only is he honourable and wise, he understands his place: â€Å"I am wrong out of the forge† he tells Pip at their awkward reunion. Dickens suggests (through Joe) that people should stay in their class, and not aspire or try to move up; he argues for social immobility. Joe tells Pip that if he ever came back to the forge he’d â€Å"see Joe the blacksmith, there, at the old anvil, in the old burnt apron, sticking to the old work. † Joe labels himself â€Å"the blacksmith† implying that he believes it is all he is good at. The repetition of â€Å"old† makes him seem experienced, as he has been doing it a long time. There is also the idea that he clings or latches onto his work, in the word â€Å"sticking†, he fixes himself onto it so much that it has become how he defines himself. The fact that he feels himself â€Å"wrong† when not in the forge could be the reason why he can’t talk to Miss Havisham: â€Å"Joe persisted in addressing me. † It is like he cannot deal with the formality of he occasion, as he feels he doesn’t belong there. Dickens humiliates Joe here, presenting him as a shy and awkward character, making the reader sympathise with him. This is another negative quality, helping to balance out the character of Joe.

The Effect of Uncle Toms Cabin Essay -- Uncle Toms Cabin Essays

The Effect of Uncle Tom's Cabin Seldom does a one work of literature change a society or start it down the road to cataclysmic conflict. One such catalytic work is Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852). It is considered by many, one the most influential American works of fiction ever published. Uncle Tom's Cabin sold more copies than any other previous fiction title. It sold five thousand copies in its first two days, fifty thousand copies in eight weeks, three hundred thousand copies in a year and over a million copies in its first sixteen months. What makes this accomplishment even more amazing is that this book was written by a woman during a time in history women were relegated to domestic duties and child rearing and were not allowed positions of influence or leadership roles in society. Legend holds that when Abraham Lincoln met Stowe in 1682 he said, "So you're the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war". The impact of Uncle Tom's Cabin did more to arouse antislavery sentiment in the N orth and provoke angry rebuttals in the south than any other event in antebellum era. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896), born Lichfeild, Connecticut, was the daughter, sister, and wife of liberal clergymen and theologians. Her father Lyman and brother Henry Ward were two of the most preeminent theologians of the nineteenth century. This extremely devout Christian upbringing, focusing on the doctrines of sin, guilt, atonement and salvation, had an undeniable impact in her writings. &nb... ... a disconnected view. Slavery was no longer a Southern issue that had no impact on the life of those in the north. Once a majority of the northern population became polarized against the institution of slavery it was only a matter of time before conflict came to a head. Differing views about the institution of slavery contributed to the growing rift between the north and south. This chasm became the American Civil War. Uncle Tom's Cabin gave a powerful and moving voice to the Abolition movement. It shook out of complacently northerners and southerners alike, and forced a nation to look within its collective soul at the horrors of slavery and moral contradictions of the institution itself. Stowe's novel demonstrates the absurdity and contradictions of slavery.

A Summary on the Essay of Kate Gubata: The New Feminism

The word feminism has generally and categorically been associated to an assembly and movements of radical groups who try to eradicate the male dominance in society, talking if not shouting, just to get their messages across.   These were the women in our grandparents’ time who have endeavored and strived to get their equal rights as a human being.   Today, it has been observed that women try to keep away from becoming branded as feminist to disassociate themselves to this type of bloc.   Feminism does not have to be exclusively defined to this category.According to Gubata (2003), a lack of interest among women to engage themselves in these activities is due to the misconceptions on the aims of feminism.   The real goal of the feminists’ today is to elucidate both men and women to convert equality into a reality. Anyone can be an active participant on this action and tackle significant feminists’ issues such as pay inequity, recent passage of the â€Å"ab ortion drug† and legal battles of homosexual marriage.Contemporary feminists are those people who have no fear in speaking their minds and in sharing their ideas as well as being open to ideas of others.   Women should not deny themselves the prospect of getting themselves involved in something they believe in.   Having a united voice means getting the aim stridently heard.The author emphasized on the encouragement of the people to get themselves involved in promoting the goals of feminists.   Take note of the groups in your community which you might get interested in then once you find it, enlist yourself and be prepared to take action.   You may have dissimilar and diverse feminist perceptions in the group but the eventuality of accomplishing your purpose is more apparent.REFERENCEMcCuen-Metherell, J.R. & Winkler, A.C. (Eds.).   (2003). Readings for Writers (11th ed.).  Heinle-Thomson Learning.

Classic Literature Essay

Writers also use a foil character as well as irony of circumstances. A foil character is used to create suspense because the reader doesn’t know how the foil character will react in his situation, or how the other characters will react to him. Another element writers use is foreshadowing. Writers reveal some details in the story to lull the reader into thinking something is going to happen a certain way. However, when the writer uses irony of circumstances, the reader is caught off guard because the story didn’t end the way the expected it. rs use foreshadow and irony of circumstances to create suspense in their stories. Kate Chopin uses foreshadow in her story â€Å"Desiree’s Baby.† In â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† she uses irony of circumstances. Let’s first look at â€Å"Desiree’s Baby.† She uses foreshadowing to create suspense. Writers reveal certain things about characters to prepare the reader for the outcome. This creates suspense because the readers want to continue reading when they catch a glimpse of a character or the character’s actions. Through these revelations, readers anticipate how the story will end, so they continue reading to find out what does happen. Kate Chopin uses foreshadow in â€Å"Desiree’s Baby.† When Desiree notices something different about her baby, she talks to Armand. He tells her that the baby’s coloring indicates only one thing–he is part black. Armand accuses Desiree of deceiving him. Chopin uses a certain passage to foreshadow things about Desiree that may reveal what will happen to the characters in the end. Desiree told Armand, † ‘Look at my hair, it is brown; and my eyes are gray, Armand, you know they are gray. And my skin is fair, †¦ Look at my hand; whiter than yours, Armand.’ † These details show the reader that Desiree is lighter than Armand. The reader becomes confused and wonders what is happening. A writer uses foreshadowing to reveal certain details that lulls the reader into thinking a certain way. Then, through the use of another technique called irony of circumstances, a writer wants to surprise the reader at the end of the story by making an  unusual turn of events. At the end of the story, Chopin finally reveals that Armand is the one who is half white and half black and not Desiree. Just like â€Å"Desiree’s Baby,† Chopin uses irony of circumstances in â€Å"The Story of an Hour.† Mrs. Mallard is waiting of news about her husband, whom she thought might have died since he had been gone so long. When Mrs. Mallard is told that her husband’s name is on the list of those who were killed, Mrs. Mallard is devastated. However, her attitude changes quickly because she is free to do what she wants. The reader is still held in suspense because he or she doesn’t know what Mrs. Mallard is going to do until the end of the story. The reader is surprised when Mrs. Mallard’s husband shows up alive, and when Mrs. Mallard dies after seeing her husband. Even though Chopin uses foreshadowing, she still catches the reader off guard by using irony of circumstances.

The National and International Higher Education Agenda †Education Essay

The National and International Higher Education Agenda – Education Essay Free Online Research Papers The National and International Higher Education Agenda Education Essay Essay question: according to Jones(2001:1): ‘ In the last decade, the concept of a set of generic skills, qualities and attributes that support lifelong learning has become firmly placed on the national and international higher education agenda’Discuss the major factors that have led to such a concept being placed on the ‘higher education agenda’. Is there general agreement at a national and international level about what is included in ‘a set of generic skills, qualities and attributes that support lifelong learning’? In the last decade, the nation and international higher education agenda has been become placed on by a set of generic skills, qualities and attribute that support lifelong learning. There are three major factors that are educational, economic, political or social factors, which stimulate consider able debate across the higher education, employment and government sectors. These majors factors which have led to such a concept being placed on the ‘higher education agenda’. They have general agreement at a national and international level. This essay will discuss the function and effects from generic skill to major factors that support lifelong learning that have agreement in the nation and international higher education agenda. The most important factor is higher education. It is an agreement to policy and government, which provide people to have a variety of skill and personal attributes in the workplace. Today being employees should able to have different tasks such as demonstrate teamwork, problem solving and the capacity to deal with non-routine process (NCVER p60). All graduates of higher education from Clandy and Ballard(1995) have three groups: generic skill, attribute and values; acquisition of a body of knowledge; professional/technical or other job related skill. The process of defining generic skill in Australia is about work and life; about employability. In a recent time, attitude and communication skill are the most important factor to employees, but today, generic skill include them and provides more information should learn in the higher education. Employers have to know how to solve problems, how to make decisions, how to find a best way to organize work teams and improve workers attitudes or disposition. Because of this, the quality of graduate outcome should be higher across employment. For example, at Macquarie University, generic skills are more difficult because of developing the attributes valued in a university graduate(Fraser 2001). However, the development of attributes is not for every generic skill. Critics has argument that this is unrealistic and too fantasy to the pursuit of goal of graduate with desirable generic attributes and skills. In my opinions, some of functions from the pursuit from generic attributes and skills maybe too idealization to achieve, but it does not mean unrealistic. For example, there are varies of skills from generic skill from the higher education which are very useful, but universities just can choose some of generic skills that good for its own set of generic skills(Fraser 2001). Most of universities develop different skills then ensure that each of the generic skill is addressed across the course structure. This strategy of education in universities provides more notably employers and professional bodies. Macquarie University also creates the same structure to attract people who want to study the related skills. Generic skills come from the higher education, which means all generic skills belong to the higher education at the national and international level. However, generic skills are changing while the higher education is changing. It is one part of the higher education. Now some of ge neric skills are carried to the subjects should be learn in the school, which are the evident to support lifelong learning. Employment is the second important factors being placed on the ‘higher education agenda’. According to examples in the higher education we know, employers should able to have more different skills. Employment is the main process about the productivity to develop economy. A good economic structure can build a prosperous and strong country. This is a reason why employability should be developing. Employment is the main process with the productivity to develop. The speed of advance decides how much knowledge employees keep on learning and how fast the economy is growing. Higher efficiency and quality of productivity need to have a good organization and good workers. A best workplace is marked by flexibility, fast response time, and managerial and technological innovation(Stasz el al 1996). Employers have responsibility to increase the whole working process. Innovation and speed are developing through team of workers when they are planning, organizing, repairing, maintenance s, and support function. In the recent time, work teams should have supervisors to manage, but now there is less supervision to control because employees have higher and more varied skills. From the information in the box ‘common elements of various listings of generic skills’(NCVER 2003), employment includes all generic 6 kinds of generic skills: basic/fundamental skills, people-related skills, conceptual/thinking skill, personal skills and attributes, skills related to the business world, skill related to the community. Employment also has varies of jobs can be chose, not every generic skills should choose, but most of them should know to being an employees or an employers. In the future, they maybe all have to learn to employees that support lifelong learning. Government is other factor which being place on the ‘higher education agenda’. It can decide the policy effect a country. Any problems and changes should be had a agreement from government to have a solution and perform. Government provides the suggestions or orders to implement such as in 1992 the Higher Education Council (HEC) report, describes more information about what students in universities should study; and stressed the need for universities to be more accountable for the development in students of the generic skill and support lifelong learning(Jones 2004). According to the development of economic and education factors, government tries to provide the better policy to simulate the change to build positives development from them. Because of this, lifelong learning is also important to government. It likes a supervisor to look after and control and make decision to any change that good or bad to the development. The policy is changed may create progress to the co untry. The best policies can increase the productivity in a countries and good for citizen, and then become motivation to work hard, create higher productivity. Government has generic skills such as skill related to the agreement of community, basis skills, thinking skills are used by governments at the national and international level. Because most time government should make suggestions and decisions, thinking skills are very important to government to support lifelong learning. Finally, these three major factors are included in ‘a set of generic skills, qualities and attributes that support lifelong learning’. Lifelong learning is creation to a set of generic skills that provide better quality of productivity and development. In the last decade, compare to the example in the recent time, we can know the different between before development and after development. Following the argument about unrealistic from generic skill to the goal changes, we will know this is not unrealistic but people still are improving. Most of skills need to spend time to be researched and deliberated, and practice. Lifelong learning helps people developing as soon as possible as long as people know how to improve with generic skills from the major factors at the national and international level. Question: Is there general agreement at a national and international level about what is included in ‘a set of generic skills, qualities and attributes that support lifelong learning’? Yes. From the employment, there are high demand of generic skill in the workplace. It helps employers seeking to ensure business success, maintain family and community relationships. The process of defining generic skills in Australia which are relevant to work and life generally; related to employability(NCVER 2003). Because now most jobs need employers have varies skills and most community skills to solve problems, make decision, take responsibilities, can manage the work team, which is different as the recent time, just the communication skill is important in the workplace. From the higher education, at Macquarie University, generic skills increase level of graduate in order to develop attribute and continued improving varies of skills(Fraser 2001). It should change in a cycle time because the higher education is changing and become more professional. From the government, a Higher Education council(HEC) report from Australia government in 1992, Developing Lifelong Learners through Undergraduate Education,(Candy et al 1994) stressed the need for universities to be more accountable for the development in students of the generic skills and attributes which support lifelong learning. According the example of agreement, there is general agreement at a national and international level about what is included in ‘a set of generic skills, qualities and attributes that support lifelong learning. Reference list Jones, J. (2001). Generic Attributes: an Agenda for Reform or Control. Paper presented at Changing Identities: Language and Academic Skills Conference, University of Wollongong. Retrieved November 29-30, 2001, from http://learning.uow.edu.au/LAS2001/selected/jones 2.pdf NCVER (National Center for Vocational Education Research). 2003. Defining Generic skills: At a glance. Adelaide: NCVER Fraser, S. (2001). Graduate attributes and generic skills at Macquarie University. And Gladly Teche, vol. 1. Research Papers on The National and International Higher Education Agenda - Education EssayInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesResearch Process Part OneStandardized TestingPETSTEL analysis of IndiaComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesThree Concepts of PsychodynamicAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

Ðhe age of sixteen comes around Essay Example

Еhe age of sixteen comes around Essay Example Еhe age of sixteen comes around Essay Еhe age of sixteen comes around Essay Initially, when the age of sixteen comes around, a person chooses to be a licensed driver. This is a responsibility for that person to drive safe. Additionally, a sixteen year old has to obey traffic laws. This is a responsibility because if a sixteen year old does not obey the rules, a negative consequence will happen. A sixteen year old also has to keep a budget for the car. They usually have to keep the car clean and in good repair. In addition, a sixteen year old also has, an important part in society, as he/she is required to pay attention to their driving, as well as those driving around them. This is considered an adult because the person is responsible for the actions that might happen. This is a reason why the sixteen year-old people want to drive. Furthermore, a person at age sixteen can choose to be in school. This is another adult like responsibilities. Since the person can choose to be in school, it has made the person think like an adult. The other issue is that a person can now be more responsible. The reason why most sixteen year olds stay in school is that they want to expand their education. Most sixteen-year-olds know that if they have a better education, they would have a better job that would have a better income. Winston Churchill had a passion to learn and that is why he became the Prime Minister of Great Britain. This is what the reward is when people do well in school. Additionally, a sixteen year-old person now also has to start think about career goals in life. Since a sixteen can have part-time jobs, this is crucial for a person that is starting to think about career jobs. A sixteen year-old person also might have to pay income taxes. A sixteen year old has also planned for the post-secondary institution is crucial to getting a high paying job. Most often, a sixteen-year-old person also does not think about relationships yet because they are too young. It also takes up valuables learning time. Albert Einstein started thinking about his career goals when he was sixteen. He went on to becoming very famous. This is a responsibility because people that work nowadays are usually adults. In summary, sixteen year-old people should be considered adults because they can drive, choose to be in school, and when they choose their career goal. Wisdom comes by means of the acknowledgment of responsibilities and not become older.

Best Business Verbs

Best Business Verbs This one paragraph contains errors in business verbs. Find and correct them. The authors will be holding a discussion about registration, to better give instruction to the participants who have to make a choice between which sessions to attend. (27 words) Solution: The authors will discuss registration, to better instruct the participants who have to choose which sessions to attend. (18 words) This is a 33% reduction in length in one sentence. Envision the impact on a long document! Explanation: These are smothered verbs. There were 6 unnecessary words in that single sentence. Un-smothering your verbs is an opportunity to greatly improve your business writing. Active, vibrant, un-smothered verbs bring both vitality and clarity to your writing. Smothered verbs are action words that are buried in a group of other words. Eliminating the other words creates a clearer, more forceful sentence. Smothering phrases often begin with a form of be, give, have, make or take. The noun in the phrase often ends with -ion or -ment. Here are some examples of smothered verbs with their clearer alternatives: have a suspicion / suspect make an agreement / agree hold a discussion / discuss give instruction to / instruct make a choice / choose Would you like to learn more about how business verbs can bring great clarity to your business writing? Download this guide: hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(41482, 'a37e9762-db23-46bf-8160-a7053c1f180c', {}); Hone your skills in these business writing courses: Business Grammar Effective Business Writing Techniques

Spanglish Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Spanglish - Essay Example A striking example is the Spanglish translation of Don Quixote: "In un placete de La Mancha of which nombre no quiero remembrearme, viva, not so long ago, uno de esos gentlemen who always tienen una lanza in the rack, una buckler antigua, a skinny caballo y un grayhound para el chase" (translation of Iln Stavans, "Don Quixote de la Mancha de Miguel de Cervantes", El Heart en la Palabra, http://www.cuadernoscervantes.com). Spanglish is not a language because it has no grammar or vocabulary rules, it is a random language. This will only lead to the bad use and the degradation of both languages. Moreover, countries influenced by English and Spanish have the big advantage of being bilingual, and it makes no sense renouncing to this. Mexicans usually see Spanish as a symbol of colonization. But, does Spanglish have something to do with rejecting domination, or is it more like a trendy use of language In some cases, Spanglish is the language of poor illiterate population trying to adapt their selves to the changing situation.

My Study Space Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Study Space - Essay Example I feel comfortable here. Everything I need is close at hand and everything I don't want is far away and out of sight. The lighting is adequate, though at times it seems a bit dim. The fluorescent desk lamp has a failing bulb and sometimes does more harm than good. It gives off just enough light to illuminate the surrounding area, which is quite cluttered and acts as a constant reminder that I need to clean out the basement. Because it's underground, the temperature stays well regulated all year around. It's cool in the summer and warm in the winter. My cat, AWOL, likes the area also and spends many hours here with me. He can often be found lying in my plush, swivel chair as I come down here to study. At times he can be a distraction, though it's only a short walk up the stairs to put him out of sight and out of mind. As much as I enjoy my personal study space, there are some improvements I'd like to make. I would like to partition this corner of the basement off and create more of an office atmosphere. That would allow me to introduce some aroma into the area with the hopes of overcoming the perpetual musty smell of an old cellar. My favorite would be vanilla, though I also like the more exotic eastern incense smells. The partition would also serve as another barrier that I could place between the outside world and me, instilling an added layer of safety and recluse.

Modernity and Post-Modernity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Modernity and Post-Modernity - Essay Example Humans continued their intellectual development in the past and due to this cognitive process, they enabled themselves to create and apply various social systems during the past centuries (Colins 2004). However, the most significant development in this regard was industrialization, which led humanity towards the concept of modernization. In this era, nevertheless humans focused on automated production in order to fulfill the growing demand of consumer products such as flour, clothing. But, this divergence of values proved to be a source of devastation for the agricultural industry worldwide because, this time’s intellectual base emphasized on fulfilling the needs of majority on the expense of those of minority. However, with the passage of time, humans came across another important concept of post-modernity, which instead of collectivism focused on individualism (David 1989). Therefore, under the impression of individualism blessed everyone with the right to live their lives, as they see fit, within legal requirements of course. At the same time, it is imperative to consider the active contributors of this transition from the idea of collectivism towards that of individualism because, the consequences of modernism became visible in form of few ruling over the majority of humans (Frank & Waters 1999). Therefore, humanity considered the concept of individualism as savior for the humanity’s unequal distribution of rights. Therefore, in this way, international legal environment bestowed individuals with their rights of speech and vote. During this era of moderate enlightenment, African Americans and females are blessed with the right to vote.

American history between 1800 and 1877 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

American history between 1800 and 1877 - Essay Example Overview of the battle As discussed by Campbell the battle ensued with the Union and the Confederate taking sides on their meeting in Manassas, Virginia (109). With both sides planning to attack the other’s side, the armies were prepared for the toughest battle of the time. However, the plan aborted on the side of the Union, as the Confederates discovered the Union’s plan to attack the Confederate’s side; thus, a withdrawal to the north, in Washington. However, the army of the Confederate did not follow the Union’s troops. Young is clear to say that the confederate army was not well prepared to fight the Union, and their failure was more of automatic (178). This First Battle of Bull Run did not have a lasting significance in terms of military ability. Young is of the opinion that the battle was simply one that was keen to draw an army of amateurs, and led by amateurs (178). Campbell adds on to say that the 1861 Battle of Bull Run was one that was really hu miliating and the defeat of the 35000 men under General McDowell Irvin is one that is notable(108). In this case, it is justifiable to say that this historical moment is memorable in the history of the great nation. Campbell insists that the Bull Run was a dismay series of the Union’s loss in the battlefield under Lincoln administration (108). Implications of the 1861, 1st Battle of Bull Run The Battle- End of slavery and segregation Carlisle & Golson indicate that the Southern defeat in the Battle had a profound implication on the military history of USA, as well as the entire political arena (54). The defeat of the Confederation disrupted the conditions of coming up with a Civil Rights Movement in the 1860s and completely end the discrimination and segregation of persons in the United States of America (54). In as much the war led to the loss of a lot of lives, discrimination was still prevalent in the society, though the war was instrumental in the ban of slave trade and s lavery in USA. However, Carlisle& Golson argue that despite the fact that the war was short-lived, the society in America was slowly being reconstructed and that a new identity was beginning to unfold in America (54). No party was fighting for supremacy and control of territory and that amendments were made to improve the social landscape of the country (Carlisle & Golson 54). In this case, the Battle of Bull Run was instrumental in creating a civil war that would see to the rights of Americans adhered to, and the abolition of slave trade that had profound effects on the lives of the Americans. The Battle can then be described as the pillar of hope to the equality, justice and impartiality enjoyed by the American citizens. It is evident that the Confederate side won the 1861, Battle of Bull Run. However, it is of great importance to note the challenges facing the Confederate in the quest to succeed in the battle. It is evident that the troops were terribly disorganized in such a way that they could barely administer authority on pursuing the Yankees, who had earlier arrived in Washington by 22nd July (Haven 60). The First Manassas in the South cost the Union about 3000 casualties as opposed to the 1750 on the side of the Confederates (Haven 58). According to Haven, the outcome of the war rendered the persons of the north hold on to a false hope, and the southerners’ false hope of being the successful group (59). In real sense, the Union and

Trompenaars. Leading Change and Organizational Culture Essay

Trompenaars. Leading Change and Organizational Culture - Essay Example Thereafter, Trompenaars points out the common mistakes that are made by managers while dealing with culturally diverse workforces. The first one, according to him, is that most organisations still consider cultural issues secondary, and give them less priority on the belief that culture has nothing to do with the main business transaction (Craven). According to Trompenaars, if cultural issues are to be tackled, it is necessary to identify the origin of cultural values. Then only the organisations can develop effective norms and values. In other words, simply learning the norms and values of a culture will not help solve the issue. The second mistake, according to Trompenaars, is that organisations do not identify culture as a compliance issue. However, he reminds the fact that if cultural issues are not identified and solved, it can even lead to legal disputes. In the opinion of Trompenaars, in the 21st century, it is necessary for organisations to develop transcultural competence, which means the competence to reconcile dilemmas or to integrate opposites (Craven). At this point is wise to see what Levine, Phipps, and Blythe prefer to say about cultural differences. According to Levine, Phipps, and Blythe (16), linguistic and cultural pluralism is more than the mere coexistence of different languages; and it is about transcultural circulation of values across borders, the negotiation of identities, the inversions, even inventions of meaning, often concealed by a common illusion of effective communication. Trompenaars points out the fact that the currently available leadership literature is regionally biased. He gives the example of English, French, and Chinese literatures. It is pointed out that there is the need for more works on multi-cultural teams. In other words, the new leadership should transcend culture. According to Trompenaars, to effectively handle cross-cultural diversity, it is necessary to adopt reconciliation. According to Trompenaars, the first step of reconciliation is to let others be themselves. In simple terms, reconciliation is the understanding of how the perspectives of other cultures can help ones own culture. In others words, reconciliation calls for the fusion of two extremes; considering and accommodating the other culture. Trompenaars point out the fact that there are different ways of dealing with other cultures; ignoring other cultures, abandoning ones own culture, and reconciliation. In his words, in the modern world of business, an important factor for success of organisations is their ability to ‘celebrate differences’. In the opinion of Trompenaars, cultural is not a secondary entity, but is the contextual environment around all transactions in an organisation; financial, market, political, and technological. According to him, the success or future performance of an organ isation is no more identified based on its financial performance, but on its ability to handle local cultures. So, he proposes Process Principle Optimization based on five major principles instead of the usual ROI. The five principles, according to him, are corporate effectiveness, the client, the employee, the shareholder, and societal responsibility. So, according to him, the modern businesses should seek ways to improve their local learning so that they can increase their global access. In other words, in the modern business world, integration of values helps organisations ensure sustainable business performance for the long term. 2. According to Trompenaars, the modern leadership and management, to be effective, should have transcultural

American history between 1800 and 1877 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

American history between 1800 and 1877 - Essay Example Overview of the battle As discussed by Campbell the battle ensued with the Union and the Confederate taking sides on their meeting in Manassas, Virginia (109). With both sides planning to attack the other’s side, the armies were prepared for the toughest battle of the time. However, the plan aborted on the side of the Union, as the Confederates discovered the Union’s plan to attack the Confederate’s side; thus, a withdrawal to the north, in Washington. However, the army of the Confederate did not follow the Union’s troops. Young is clear to say that the confederate army was not well prepared to fight the Union, and their failure was more of automatic (178). This First Battle of Bull Run did not have a lasting significance in terms of military ability. Young is of the opinion that the battle was simply one that was keen to draw an army of amateurs, and led by amateurs (178). Campbell adds on to say that the 1861 Battle of Bull Run was one that was really hu miliating and the defeat of the 35000 men under General McDowell Irvin is one that is notable(108). In this case, it is justifiable to say that this historical moment is memorable in the history of the great nation. Campbell insists that the Bull Run was a dismay series of the Union’s loss in the battlefield under Lincoln administration (108). Implications of the 1861, 1st Battle of Bull Run The Battle- End of slavery and segregation Carlisle & Golson indicate that the Southern defeat in the Battle had a profound implication on the military history of USA, as well as the entire political arena (54). The defeat of the Confederation disrupted the conditions of coming up with a Civil Rights Movement in the 1860s and completely end the discrimination and segregation of persons in the United States of America (54). In as much the war led to the loss of a lot of lives, discrimination was still prevalent in the society, though the war was instrumental in the ban of slave trade and s lavery in USA. However, Carlisle& Golson argue that despite the fact that the war was short-lived, the society in America was slowly being reconstructed and that a new identity was beginning to unfold in America (54). No party was fighting for supremacy and control of territory and that amendments were made to improve the social landscape of the country (Carlisle & Golson 54). In this case, the Battle of Bull Run was instrumental in creating a civil war that would see to the rights of Americans adhered to, and the abolition of slave trade that had profound effects on the lives of the Americans. The Battle can then be described as the pillar of hope to the equality, justice and impartiality enjoyed by the American citizens. It is evident that the Confederate side won the 1861, Battle of Bull Run. However, it is of great importance to note the challenges facing the Confederate in the quest to succeed in the battle. It is evident that the troops were terribly disorganized in such a way that they could barely administer authority on pursuing the Yankees, who had earlier arrived in Washington by 22nd July (Haven 60). The First Manassas in the South cost the Union about 3000 casualties as opposed to the 1750 on the side of the Confederates (Haven 58). According to Haven, the outcome of the war rendered the persons of the north hold on to a false hope, and the southerners’ false hope of being the successful group (59). In real sense, the Union and

Management of Production and Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management of Production and Operations - Essay Example The idea of having a supply chain within management became of immense importance in the beginning of the 20th century, when assembly lines were created. However it was not until the 1980s that the phrase SCM was by a consultant in the U.S. industry coined. The characteristics of the creation era of SCM include the need for re-engineering, large-scale changes, downsizing and extensive attention accorded to the practice of management by the Japanese (Lavassani et al., 2008b). The Integration era of SCM studies was brought around by Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) systems developments which occurred from the 1960s-1990s due to the launching of the Enterprise Resource Planning systems (Lavassani et al., 2008b). Given the advancement in collaborative systems that is internet based, the Integration era has continued to develop. It is characterized not only by cost reduction using integration but by the increase in value addition as well. Globalization era is the third movement of SCM development. The attention accorded to global systems dealing with supplier relationships and the getting bigger of organizations’ supply chains across national boundaries into other continents is what characterizes this era. The supply chain of organizations, especially those organizations in the oil industry, started using global sources several decades ago. However it was not until the late 1980s that global sources were integrated into the core businesses of considerable numbers of organizations according to Lavassani et al. (2008b). The globalization of SCM in organizations with the aim of boosting their value addition, competitive advantage and cost reduction through global sourcing is what characterizes the globalization era. Phase one of the specialization era revolves around Outsourced Manufacturing and Distribution (OMD). Adoption of a specialization era and renewed focus on core

Econ 561 Profit Analysis Question 2 LO3 Essay Example for Free

Econ 561 Profit Analysis Question 2 LO3 Essay 2-8(Key Question) With current technology, suppose a firm is producing 400 loaves of banana bread daily. Also, assume that the least-cost combination of resources in producing those loaves is 5 units of labor, 7 units of land, 2 units of capital, and 1 unit of entrepreneurial ability, selling at prices of $40, $60, $60, and $20, respectively. If the firm can sell these 400 units at $2 per unit, will it continue to produce banana bread? If this firm’s situation is typical for the other makers of banana bread, will resources flow to or away from this bakery good? Total Profits = Total Cost – Total Revenue Total Cost = Presource * Qresource and Total Revenue = Price * Qsold Total Cost = ($40 * 5 units of labor) + ($60 * 7 units of land) + ($60 * 2 units of capital) + ($20 * 1 unit of entrepreneurial ability) = $200 + $420 + $120 + = 0. Total Revenue = $2 * 400 loaves of banana bread = $800. Total Profits = $800 $760 = $40. The firm will continue to produce as it is earning economic profits. If this firm is typical of the banana bread industry, more resources will flow toward banana bread as other potential firms are attracted to the economic profits in the industry. 2-9 (Key Question) Assume that a business firm finds that its profit it greatest when it produces $40 worth of product A. Suppose also that each of the three techniques shown in the table on page 43 will produce the desired output. Resource Units Required Resource Price per unit of resource Technique 1 Technique 2 Technique 3 Labor Land Capital Entrepreneurial ability 4 a.With the resource prices shown, which technique will the firm choose? Why? Will production entail profit or losses? What will be the amount of profit or loss? Will the industry expand or contract? When will that expansion end? b.Assume now that a new technique, technique 4, is developed. It combines 2 units of labor, 2 of land, 6 of capital, and 3 of entrepreneurial ability. In view of the resource prices in the table, will the firm adopt the new technique? Explain your answer. c.Suppose that an increase in labor supply causes the price of labor to fall to $1.50 per unit, all other resource prices being unchanged. Which technique will the producer now choose? Explain. d.â€Å"The market system causes the economy to conserve most in the use of those resources that are particularly scarce in supply. Resources that are scarcest relative to the demand for them have  the highest prices. As a result, producers use these resources as sparingly as is possible.† Evaluate this state ment. Does your answer to part c, above, bear out this contention? Explain. (a)The firm will choose technique 2 because it produces the output at the least cost ($34 compared to $35 for techniques 1 and 3). Economic profit will be $6 (= $40 $34), causing the industry to expand. Expansion in this industry will continue until prices decline to where total revenue equals total cost of $34 and no additional firms will want to enter the industry. (b)The firm will adopt technique 4 because its cost is now lowest at $32. (c)The firm will choose technique 1 because its cost is now lowest at $27.50. (d)The statement is logical. Increasing scarcity of a resource causes its price to rise. Firms ignoring higher resource prices will become high-cost producers. Firms switching to the less expensive inputs become lower-cost producers and earn higher profits than high-cost producers. The market system, therefore, forces producers to conserve on the use of highly scarce resources. Question 9c confi rms this: Technique 1 was adopted because labor had become less expensive. 2‑10(Key Question) Some large hardware stores such as Home Depot boast of carrying as many as 20,000 different products in each store. What motivated the producers of those individuals to make them and offer them for sale? How did producers decide on the best combinations of resources to use? Who made these resources available, and why? Who decides whether these particular hardware products should continue to be produced and offered for sale? The quest for profit led firms to produce these goods. Producers looked for and found the least-cost combination of resources in producing their output. Resource suppliers, seeking income, made these resources available. Consumers, through their dollar votes, ultimately decide on what will continue to be produced.

Elderly Care: Proposal on Hospital Admittance and Discharge

Elderly Care: Proposal on Hospital Admittance and Discharge A proposal of change to improve the quality of care for vulnerable older people who after being admitted into hospital and on discharge do not have a lot of choice in services that they receive. They are either sent home with a care package which does not meet all needs of the older person or moved to a residential home. It has been said that independence and mobility are the two most precious commodities that the elderly, as a group, need to nurture as a significant decline in either will significantly increase their dependence and reliance on others, either in the family or in the community. (Whitely, S. et al 1996) In general terms, the plight of the elderly in hospital is probably the most precarious of all of the age ranges, irrespective of the illness for which they were admitted. Any form of debilitating pathology, even if it only puts them in bed for a few days, may very well weaken their already tenuous grip on independence. The result may be either a prolonged stay in a hospital bed, home discharge with a care package which may not be totally satisfactory and all too often dependent on the ministrations of a group of overstretched healthcare professionals, or discharge to some form of residential care – which, although possibly seen by some as being the best option for the debilitated or infirm elderly, has an enormous impact on both the independence and the lifestyle of the elderly person. Let us briefly consider this last option which is not as straight forward an option as may appear at first sight. Let us personalise the discussion by referring to a hypothetically representative Mrs J., a 78 yr. old lady who has lived alone since her husband died some ten years previously. She is fiercely independent but has been getting progressively more frail as the years have gone by to the extent that it is a struggle to get her shopping. As a result her diet is becoming progressively more inadequate. Her personal hygiene, which was meticulous a few years ago, is now also failing, and she spends a great deal of her time alone and in bed. She has developed a low grade chest infection which required her to spend three days in hospital. When it came time to discharge her, her daughter could not look after her and took the decision that she would be better in a residential home. Mrs.J. had virtually no choice in the matter and on the fourth day she found herself in a residential home, surrounded by people with an average age rather greater than hers, many of whom were suffering from varying degrees of dementia. The home had a completely imposed and inflexible regime which was a major imposition on her as she had previously been able to do what she wanted when she wanted. There was virtually no privacy and never a time, day or night, when there was silence or quiet. Her house had to be sold to pay the fees, so she knew that there was no possibility that she would ever go home again and any money that she had, she was not able to spend as her savings were also taken to pay the fees. In the space of four days her life had been overturned and although she was warm, fed and cared for, by any rationalisation her quality of life had changed for ever. Mrs.J. is quoted as being fairly typical of many and her case used to illustrate the enormity of the life changing impact of admission to a residential home. Critically examination the need for the proposed change The particular change that we shall highlight in this particular essay is the need for multidisciplinary discharge planning, a move which is highlighted in the National Service Framework for the elderly (Standard Two). As we shall discuss later in this essay, the National Service Frameworks have been conceived and drafted in response to the perceived need for change. It therefore follows that it is a self-serving argument that it is a recognition of a need for change in this area that has prompted its inclusion in the National Service Framework .This rather tautological argument is given credence by a number of studies that have both looked at, and demonstrated the need for change in this area. The paper by Richards (et al 1998) was a first rate examination of the problem. It covered a number of areas, but, with specific relevance to our considerations here it highlighted how the patient outcome could be improved by a timely multidisciplinary pre-discharge assessment by a team which included social workers. This paper, if nothing else, underlines the need for change and provides a model for how improvements in the multidisciplinary discharge function can produce potential benefits for patients Evidence to support this view can be found in anyone of a number of recently published papers (such as Ham C 2004) which has specifically surveyed patient and carer satisfaction levels in the area of welfare and associated services after hospital discharge for the elderly. An outline and critical discussion of how change can be implemented Change can be a trophic factor in any organisation but no matter how good the intentions and aspirations, if it is badly managed, then the end result can be a catastrophic mess. One only has to consider the debacle of the implementation of the Griffiths Report (Griffiths Report 1983) in the NHS in the 80s to appreciate how a major management change could be badly implemented. The Government even set up its own commission to see what lessons could be learned from the episode. (Davidmann 1988) If we consider the overall implications of the report in terms of change management, the innovations failed because they were imposed rather than managed. (Davidmann 1988) Another fundamental concept in the field of change management is expressed by Marinker (1997) who points to the rather subtle difference between compliance and concordance. He suggests that human beings generally respond better to suggestion, reason and coercion rather than direct imposition of arbitrary change. The management of change is perhaps the most critical of the elements in this discussion. There is little point in having vision or ideas if you cannot successfully implement them into reality (Bennis et al 1999). The whole study of the Management of Change is built upon a set of constructs known as the General Systems Theory (GST). (Newell et al 1992). The process is both general and adaptable and can be summarised in the phrase â€Å"Unfreezing, Changing and Refreezing† or in simple terms, assessing a situation changing it, and then making the changes stick. (Thompson 1992). All changes, but particularly health and welfare related ones, should only really be made after careful consideration of the evidence base underpinning that change (Berwick D 2005). In specific terms one should evaluate the need for implementation of a multidisciplinary discharge procedure by considering the evidence that the current situation could be improved, make managers aware of the findings of need and than be proactive in encouragement in terms of support of any decisions that are made to implement such moves. The Political context If one considers the pre-2000 structure and organisation of the NHS, one could come to the conclusion that there were three major problems which, some observers stated were not consistent with what was required of a 21st century care provider, namely: a lack of national standards old-fashioned demarcations between staff and barriers between services a lack of clear incentives and levers to improve performance over-centralisation and disempowered patients. (Nickols 2004) There have been a number of reforms in the NHS which potentially impinge on the cases of the dependent elderly. Arguably the most important was the NHS Plan (DOH 2000). This is a lengthy document which calls for some fundamental changes in the working practices, and in some cases the actual roles of a number of healthcare professionals. An analytical assessment would have to conclude that, although there is a lot of detail in some areas of the plan, there is actually comparatively little detail in just how these changes should be actioned and arguably even less detail in what it expected the changes to be (Krogstad et al 2002). In the context of our discussion here, we should also note the natural ideological successor to the NHS Plan, was the Agenda for Change (2004). The National Service Frameworks were then introduced after seminal guidance from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE 2004) The other reforms that have a bearing on our considerations are Choosing Health: making healthier choices easier (2004) and Building on the Best (2003). Both of these have considerable implications for the care of the elderly. The Choosing Health paper outlines the Government proposals for giving patients greater choice in the implementation of their health care and Building on the Best examines ways of improving and modifying current practices. There are specific references to the discharge procedures which are relevant to our discussions here. The Health context In the context of this essay the NHS Plan called for a number of reforms including: Increase funding and reform Aim to redress geographical inequalities, Improve service standards, Extend patient choice. Each of these areas has a bearing our Mrs.J. The geographical inequalities were primarily due to the historical context in which each area had implemented their own services together with the balance between funding and demand in each area. The improvement in service standards is mainly driven by the National Service Frameworks and he extension of patient choice clearly has a bearing on Mrs.J. although the choices available may well be less in practical terms than the complete spectrum of what is actually available and may well be constrained by factors such as available funding and the patient’s own physical state. (Wierzbicki et al 2001) The National Service Frameworks (amongst other things) sets out to reduce inequalities in service provision between providers and also to set standards of excellence, together with goals and targets that are nationally based rather than locality based. (Rouse et al 2001). National Service Framework Standard Two has as its stated aim to: Ensure that older people are treated as individuals and that they receive appropriate and timely packages of care which meet their needs as individuals, regardless of health and social services boundaries. It is formulated within the concept of â€Å"Person Centred Care†. This is intended to allow the elderly (and their carers) to feel entitled to be treated as individuals, and to allow them to be responsible for their own choices about their own care. The Social Care context If we accept that a patient’s discharge from hospital is dependent on many disparate and variable factors including (apart from their obvious health considerations), for example, their financial, dependence and support network status. It therefore follows that before a considered decision can be made to discharge the patient, a full and careful assessment of these various aspects should ideally be made. (Gould et al. 1995). The input of the social worker to the multidisciplinary pre-discharge team is therefore vital in this respect as it is unlikely that other healthcare professionals will be in a position to make an assessment of all of these factors. If one reads contemporary peer reviewed literature on the subject, the term â€Å"seamless interface† is a concept that frequently appears. (Dixon et al 2003). This reflects the moves towards the dismantling of the â€Å"Empire† concept of each health and welfare related subspecialty. (Lee et al 2004). And the positive integration of each, for the overall benefit of the patient. Central to this process is the advent of the Single Assessment Process (SAP) which is arguably the most important new work practice to facilitate good multidisciplinary working practices. This reduces the duplication of work, derivation of facts and paperwork that hitherto was commonplace (Fatchett A. 1998). In specific consideration of our Mrs.J. we could find that she was visited by one member of the discharge team (typically the social worker), and an assessment of all of the factors that we have discussed could be made and recorded in a single central document or reference point (computer). It is the stated aim of the SAP that the needs and wishes of the elderly patient will remain at the heart of the whole process. (Mannion R et al 2005) To consider the requirements of the National Service Frameworks and in the context of social work we should also mention the concept of the carer’s or patient’s â€Å"Champion† that has been specifically encouraged. (Bartley M. 2004). These are designated workers (often specially trained or experienced social workers), who would stand up for the need of the patient or their carers. In Mrs.J.’s case we could postulate that such a champion could assess her needs as being more appropriately dealt with by an intensive course of both physiotherapy and an occupational therapy input rather than necessarily being arbitrarily placed in a residential home. The social worker is ideally placed to assess and indeed to action interventions such as that of the occupational therapist, who can be shown to produce considerable impact on the ability of the infirm elderly to remain at home. (Gilbertson et al 2000). We should not leave this area without a demonstration that the evidence base in this area of social worker input as being both positive and beneficial by quoting the Logan paper (et al 1997) References Agenda for Change, 23 November 2004,  Government White Paper:  HMSO 2004 Bartley M. (2004),  Health Inequality. An Introduction to Theories, Concepts and Methods.  Cambridge: University Press 2004 Bennis, Benne Chin (Eds.) 1999,  The Planning of Change (2nd Edition).. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York: 1999. Berwick D 2005 Broadening the view of evidence-based medicine Qual. Saf. Health Care, Oct 2005; 14: 315 316. Building on the best 2003,  Department of Health:  HMSO: London 09/12/2003 Choosing Health: making healthier choices easier 2004 Government White Paper,  HMSO: London 16.11.2004 Davidmann 1988,  Reorganising the National Health Service: An Evaluation of the Griffiths Report,  HMSO : London 1988 Dixon, Holland, and Mays 2003 Primary care: core values Developing primary care: gatekeeping, commissioning, and managed care BMJ, Jul 2003; 317: 125 128. DOH 2000,  NHS Plan,  HMSO; London 2000 Fatchett A. (1998),  Nursing in the new NHS: Modern, Dependable.  London: Bailliere Tindall Gilbertson, Peter Langhorne, Andrew Walker, Ann Allen, and Gordon D Murray 2000 Domiciliary occupational therapy for patients with stroke discharged from hospital: randomised controlled trial BMJ, Mar 2000; 320: 603 606 ; doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7235.603 Gould MM, Iliffe S. 1995,  Hospital at home: a case study in service development.  Br J Health Care Manage 1995; 1: 809-812. Griffiths Report 1983 NHS Management Inquiry Report DHSS, 1983 Oct 25 Ham C. (2004),  Health Policy in Britain [5th ed.]  Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Krogstad, Dag Hofoss, and Per Hjortdahl 2002 Continuity of hospital care: beyond the question of personal contact BMJ, Jan 2002; 324: 36 38. Lee, Wong, Yeung Wong, and Tsang 2004 Interfacing between primary and secondary care is needed BMJ, Aug 2004; 329: 403. Logan PA, Gladman JRF, Lincoln NB. 1997,  A randomised controlled trial of enhanced social service occupational therapy for stroke patients.  Clin Rehab 1997; 11: 107-113 Mannion R, Davies H, Marshall M (2005) Cultures for Performance in Health Care. Maidenhead: Open University Press Marinker M.1997,  From compliance to concordance: achieving shared goals,  BMJ 1997;314:747–8. Newell Simon. 1992,  Human Problem Solving.  Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs: 1992. NICE 2004,  Management guidelines : NHS Directive;  HMSO, Tuesday 7 December 2004 Nickols F 2004,  Change Management 101: A Primer,  London : Macmillian 2004 Richards, Joanna Coast, David J Gunnell, Tim J Peters, John Pounsford, and Mary-Anne Darlow 1998 Randomised controlled trial comparing effectiveness and acceptability of an early discharge, hospital at home scheme with acute hospital care BMJ, Jun 1998; 316: 1796 – 1801 Rouse, Jolley, and Read 2001 National service frameworks BMJ, Dec 2001; 323: 1429. Thompson 1992,  Organisations in Action.  McGraw-Hill, New York: 1992. Whitely,S. et al (1996)  Health and Social Care Management,  Basingstoke: Macmillan. Wierzbicki and Reynolds 2001 National service frameworks financial implications are huge BMJ, Sep 2001; 321: 705. ############################################################# PDG

Kants Attack on the Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Kant's Attack on the Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection ABSTRACT: In the neglected 'Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection,' Kant introduces a new transcendental activity, Transcendental Deliberation (Kemp Smith calls it 'Transcendental Reflection'). It aims to determine to which faculty a representation belongs and does so by examining the representation's relationships to other representations. This enterprise yields some powerful ideas. (1) Some of the relationships studied have great interest, numerical identity in particular. Indeed, seeing Kant discuss it here, one wonders why he did not include it in the Table of Categories. (2) Kant gives a solid argument for the necessity of a sensible element in representations, something not found elsewhere in the Transcendental Analytic. In the neglected Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection, Kant introduces a new transcendental activity, Transcendental Deliberation (Kemp Smith calls it Transcendental Reflection). It aims to determine to which faculty a representation belongs and does so by examining the representation's relationships to other representations. This enterprise yields some powerful ideas. (1) Some of the relationships studied have great interest, numerical identity in particular. Indeed, seeing Kant discuss it here, one wonders why he did not include it in the Table of Categories. (2) Kant gives a solid argument for the necessity of a sensible element in representations, something not found elsewhere in the Transcendental Analytic.The Transcendental Analytic of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason ends with a little appendix on what Kant calls the Amphiboly of the Concepts of Reflection. As an appendix, the passage is more than a little curious. The point that Kant eventually gets around to defending, that we are aware only of appearances, not things as they are in themselves, is familiar, but the argument that Kant now gives for it is entirely new and so interesting that one wonders why Kant relegated it to an appendix. Second, the passage introduces an important new concept, namely, numerical identity. For the first time in the Critique so far, Kant treats the notion separately and gives it important work to do. The Table of Categories does not so much as mention numerical identity, even though the concept would seem to be at least as good a candidate for categorial status as, say, modality. Third, the passage argues for the claim that knowledge requires sensible intuitions as well as concepts. Prior to the Amphiboly Kant has of course asserted this many times — but try to find an argument! Here he offers one.

Potential of Islamic Banking India

The basic principles on which the Islamic banks function are prohibition of Rib I. E. Collection and payment of interest and prohibition of investment in organization involved in unethical and socially harmful activity. He profits earned by a bank from its activities and returns made by a bank to the depositors shall be (a) from sharing of risk In the project and (b) profit-share agreements and not pre-agreed fixed interest payments, which Is considered as prohibited earnings because pre-agreed interest agreement has no sharing of risk of investment of money. In last few decades the Islamic bank has gained huge momentum. It is growing faster than any other subset of world banking; at 15 to 20 per cent a year (see McKinney report (Exhibits) for asset growth of Islamic bank as compared to conventional banks in selected few companies).The Economist estimates Islamic assets under management Now days the Islamic banking has become major point of discussion In India. Even RIB had appointed a committee to check the feasibility of Islamic banking in India. The India wants to achieve two objectives by offering Shari compliant banking: a) Financial Inclusion of Muslims: Sacra committee report shows that the Muslims are financially exclude and they are not able to get benefited by the recent growth experienced by India. The report says that the condition of Muslims Is similar to that of SC/Set's.One of the measures of financial loss to Muslims Is Credit/deposit ratio which is much lower than the national average. One such calculation is shown in Exhibit (2). In the state-wise analysis it is found that advances to the Muslims are lower than other minorities (Exhibit 3 shows the graph for few states which has high Muslim population). ) To attract capital from Gulf countries and other Muslims nations. Banks broadly performs two functions: 1) Sourcing of fund Combined effect of these two transactions is profit generation which ensures the growth and sustainability of any bank .To analyze the future potential of Islamic bank in India we shall use the above model of banks. We would look whether there are enough sources of funds and possible avenues for investment in India which are Shari compliant. Sources of Fund: The main source of funding for banks will be a) Public deposits b) Special Investments c) a) Public deposits: Though both Muslims and non-Muslims an avail of Shari compliant product, but generally the main target of the Islamic bank will be Muslims because it caters not only to their financial product need but religious need as well.Muslims Depositor: India boasts of about 154 million Muslims. Diana Standard estimates their total annual household income of $48 billion (Bag. Household Income x Bag. Household size x Population). DRP. Nasal estimates that there are over Indian RSI. 40 billion of funds to invest by Indian Muslims annually. The Muslims till now have been financially excluded. Their condition is described as similar to SC/SST by Sacra committee report.The lower involvement of Muslims in banking system of country could be because of any or combination of following reasons: Unavailability of Shari compliant product Unwillingness of the Lenders to lend to Muslims (It may be due to dearth of Collateral's available for getting loan) Financial constraints of the Muslims (Poor household Income) Financial illiteracy of the Muslims. If Shari product is made available first problem (a) is completely solved. Second problem (b) partly solved because the Shari finance is basically equity financing which does not seek collateral's.But it is yet to be found out which factors contribute o what percentage of the financial exclusion. But we can safely assume that Poor Financial condition and poor financial condition plays the major role in their financial exclusion. According to Sacra committee report about 30% of Muslims are PL. Thus large portion of the Muslims are not bankable. Even if we look at the corporate level we can fin d very few companies which are promoted by Muslims. Non Muslim depositors: India has more than 90 core non- Muslim population.The only reason why the Non-Muslims will go for the Shari compliant product is better product offering and very good marketing strategy of Islamic bank. Malaysia has shown that even large of Non-Muslim transact in Shari compliant product. It is estimated that 20% customers of Islamic Bank of I-J are Non-Muslim. In Malaysia, 40% of Sucks are taken by non-lilacs Institution and up to 40% of clients are non- Muslim. If product is marketed well the product can find huge market. Indian individuals and corporate are found to be debt averse as compare to their western counterparts..And in case you are unable to pay the loan there is chance of penalty banking. But Islamic banking is Equity based financing which will reduce the fear of indebtedness. B) Special Investment : Investment of Fund: Islamic bank have many avenues in India where they can invest their fund. Fe w of the identified areas are : 1) Equity market: Islamic bank can invest in the shares of the company which are Shari compliant. It is found that there are more than 1000 companies belonging to different sectors which are Shari compliant.Exhibit 4 shows the percentage of Shari compliant stock and their distribution across various sector Home loans: Home loan is other fascinating area where Islamic bank can invest. Statistic of N.B. shows that the home loan as percentage of GAP is growing at very fast rate in India. As against the convention home loan the Islamic bank offers home loan on the basis of lease, where the bank buys the home and sell it to the customer at profit. The bank receives the money from customers some time later (or in Installment). This model can work in India because Indians are scare of debt.And in case you are unable to pay the loan there is chance of penalty and public shame Other potential investment area: Source: Business Standard Road ahead for Islamic Ba nk: Offering Shari compliant product is not new thing in India. India had hundreds of NBC which were catering to the Islamic needs. Though successes. These insights will help us in formulating strategy for introducing Islamic banking in India. Indian Islamic NBS were started either out of the need to rescue people from the ruthless moneylenders or out of a concern for the economically backward and downtrodden.

Corrections and Treatment Essay

Community-based treatment The three community-based treatment efforts which I would like to focus attention on are Intensive Outpatient Counseling Services, abbreviated as (IOP) next, a community based program known as: Child Mental Health and lastly Emergency Crisis Response. Community-based treatment efforts vary between states however, the purpose and importance of these treatment efforts are identical. Larry J. Siegel, Brandon C. Welsh authors of: Juvenile Delinquency: Theory, Practice, and Law quote the purpose: â€Å"Provide care, protection, and treatment for juveniles in need†. Institutionalization Issues affecting institutionalized juveniles reflects possible detrimental successful compliance with respect: to community-based efforts. Likewise, institutionalized juveniles are faced with the reality of prison life and a concern is introduced to wither or not juveniles will learn criminal behaviors. Lastly, the opportunity to provide individualized and/or group counseling even more so education is a separate affecting issue of institutionalized juveniles. The juvenile justice system should be concerned with those issues, because it clearly represents foreseeable safety issues for incarcerated juveniles and staff. Separately, the potential for reoccurrence: entry or criminal charges to the justice system leading to overcrowding. With that a final concern to the justice system might reflect mental health issues that are not able to be diagnosed in incarcerated juveniles, this would impact cost or funding within the justice system. Two of the three Intensive Aftercare Programs discussed in Juvenile Delinquency. The Core that I would like to focus attention on are Juvenile Boot Camps and Wilderness Programs, the importance of aftercare programs  offer the opportunity for juveniles to have a safe place to go. Another aspect that can be considered aftercare programs, redirect negative attitudes in juveniles and: potential for reoccurrence criminal behavior. In the reading materials, The Core the following statement is provided â€Å"exposure to a wholesome environment; where the  concepts of education and the work ethic are taught and embodied in adult role models, troubled  youth can regain a measure of self-worth.†

Techniques of Poetry Appreciation

Techniques of Appreciating Poetry What is poetry? * Poetry is the creativity of a person's imagination. * It is nothing but rhythmical, imaginative language expressing the invention, taste, thought, passion, and insight of the human soul. * Like any other literary work, poetry needs to be understood to be appreciated. * The writer writes for a reason. * The purpose may be to evoke emotion, inform, define, represent something of the world or life, and to entertain. * Whatever the case, a poem is unique to its writer. And each poem can be analyzed to be appreciated.Here are some general ideas that may help one to acknowledge the beauty of the poem: Techniques of Poetry Appreciation: 1. Subject Matter * What is the poem about? * It talks about the general outline of the poetry. * It could be a person, an object, a place, an event, a situation or an experience. * What does the poet want you to focus on, in the poem or in each stanza? Answer: It is a dedication to the humble tomato, which is readily available to us at the grocery store or in our refridgerator. 2. Theme Once you have identified the subject of the poem, try and figure out what the poet wants to tell you.Look at the following: * the poet's message * his purpose * the ideas that he is conveying * the title; * What was the poet’s purpose or motive writing the poem? * What is the central idea of the poem? Always remember that feeling and tone work hand-in-hand with the subject & theme. Answer: * The theme of this poem is that you must learn to embrace the usual things in life that are often seen as dull, and find the beauty within them. * People must respect everything in life, no matter how insignificant it may seem * Pablo expresses his love towards tomatoes. The title of this poem is â€Å"Ode to Tomatoes† which is a dedication to the underappreciated but beautiful things throughout life. 3. Moods, Emotions and Experiences * What is the predominating mood of the poem? * Is it the poet fli ppant, sad, happy, dignified, angry, contemplative, or satirical? * Does the mood change? Answer: The poet changes the subject when speaking about different types of food: first tomatoes, then parsley, and oil. The poet changes the mood as he talks about different occasions: Summer feeling (mild, intense) Weddings (happy, bright) * What are some of the feelings expressed by the poet? What feelings does the poet arouse in you? * Does the poet succeed in conveying his emotions in you? Answer: * Man & Nature- This poem describes the relationship between man and a tomato. * Man v/s Man- This poem also describes societies view on mundane things. The tomatoes can be seen as representing people. It shows people’s different opinions and perspectives of others. 4. Language * Are the poet’s words appropriate and valid? * What emotions are built up around certain words? The words that are used and the way they are placed can enhance the power of the poet's creativity. Answer: Red viscera† = Guts (Violent). â€Å"Fiery colour† = Vibrant, passionate. â€Å"Bubble vigorously† = Aggressive, Enthusiasm. â€Å"Hemispheres† = Makes a tomato seem large and monumental. 5. Imagery There are various ways to paint a picture in the reader's mind through the use of words. * What are the symbolic or figurative devices used in the poem? * What effect is produced by the use of various figures of speech—metaphors, similes, personification? * Are the images visual, auditory, kinesthetic, tactile, olfactory or gustatory. Answer: â€Å"Summer light is halved like a tomato† = Day parted in half, it is noon. Summer- light is halved like a tomato† is a simile comparing the time of day to a tomatoes half, meaning that it is noon. â€Å"Tomato invades the kitchen† = Tomatoes are everywhere. â€Å"Tomato invades kitchen† is a personification. A tomato cannot physically invade and seize a kitchen; it is meant to show just ho w abundant the tomatoes are throughout the kitchen. â€Å"It sheds its own light† = Tomatoes radiate with beauty. â€Å"It sheds its own light, benign majesty† is a metaphor comparing the beauty the writer sees in the tomato to a wonderful light.He is saying that the tomatoes is brilliant and gorgeous; it stands out when he looks at it. â€Å"We must murder it† = Exaggerating the slicing of tomatoes. â€Å"We must murder it† is a hyperbole, exaggerating how we cut up the tomato. â€Å"It is wed to the clear onion† = It complements the taste of onions nicely. â€Å"It is wed to the clear onion† is a personification that shows how well the taste of tomatoes and onions complement each other. Pausing and punctuation have an effect on the structure, rhythm and rhyme of a poem. 6. Sounds * What about the sounds in the poem? Are the sounds in harmony with the thought and imagery? * Do the sounds suggest pictures, arouse emotions or bring out qualit y of the character? * What is the effect produced by the poet’s use of: alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia and metre? * Are the musical qualities of the poem outstanding? * Is rhyme used for emphasis? 7. Rhyme * Does the poem have a set rhyme scheme? * How it is used in the poem? Is the movement slow, steady, or fast? OR Is the rhyme constant or varying? * Does the poet emphasize words or the message by means of the rhyme scheme? What is the purpose and effect of the rhyme scheme? 8. Form/ Structure * How is the poem structured? * How are the stanzas organised? * Is the structure itself convention? The form of the poem is very important. You should know what kind of poem you are dealing with: e. g. ballad, epic, ode, sonnet, dramatic monologue, elegy, etc. Answer: It is an Ode Its written to show reverence to the most ordinary things in life – claiming to have an extraordinary worth or value. Merits| Demerits| 1. Enriches learning of poetry| 1. Time consuming| 2. Ad d value to the text| | 3.Inculcates scientific temper and a spirit of inquiry. | | 4. Allows critical evaluation| | ‘Ode to Tomatoes’ by Pablo Neruda The street filled with tomatoes midday, summer, light is halved like a tomato, its juice runs through the streets. In December, unabated, the tomato invades the kitchen, it enters at lunchtime, takes its ease on countertops, among glasses, butter dishes, blue salt cellars. It sheds its own light, benign majesty. Unfortunately, we must murder it: the knife sinks into living flesh, red-viscera, a cool sun, profound, inexhaustible, populates the salads of Chile, happily, t is wed to the clear onion, and to celebrate the union we pour oil, essential child of the olive, onto its halved hemispheres, pepper adds its fragrance, salt, its magnetism; it is the wedding of the day, parsley hoists its flag, potatoes bubble vigorously, the aroma of the roast knocks at the door, it's time! come on! and, on the table, at the midpoint of s ummer, the tomato, star of earth, recurrent and fertile star, displays its convolutions, its canals, its remarkable amplitude and abundance, no pit, no husk, no leaves or thorns, the tomato offers its gift of fiery color and cool completeness.

Letter of Intent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Letter of Intent - Essay Example The researcher states that admission into McGill's Counseling Psychology program will not only fulfill the career ambitions, it will also fulfill the purpose in life. The researcher would like to devote his energies to showcase the effects of parenting on a child's overall development. It is a subject that the researcher naturally holds close to his heart. McGill University has been his preferred university since he was 16 years old, living in Malaysia. At the time, the author was looking at education options while planning to run away to Canada as a naive teen. The McGill University with its prestigious accolades, facilities and student life, was an easy winner. Since then, the author has always wanted to study at McGill and now armed with a Psychology degree from New Zealand, the next step is clear. The researcher picked Counseling Psychology because he wants to be out on the field working with people. Besides being able to work with some of the most respected psychologists in this program, the author is drawn to the non-thesis aspect of it. The researcher is happiest when the assessment is continuous and hands-on performance is evaluated - he performs at his peak that way as he likes taking challenges head-on. In addition, the author is attracted to the certification as a counselor one receives at the end of the program, with the option of doing a Ph.D. later on. Currently, he is volunteering as a childcare facilitator at the Young Parents Program in NDG and as a research aide at the Talwar's Research Center at McGill. Along with that, the author is also working as a freelance writer to save up for his post-grad fund. Prior to this, the author was an international student mentor in his alma maters where he provided mentoring, guidance and English language aid to students from China and Japan. The researcher really loves working with people and he enjoys being a positive part of their life. The researcher confesses that his time as an international student me ntor was the happiest moments of his life. It was a start to the discovery of his career path to be a counselor. Although the author may not have stellar results like some of his peers, he has a lot to offer in terms of his personal interest, future plans in this field and the will to accomplish whatever it takes to make this ambition work. The researcher is prepared to work extremely hard to get to where and what he wants. He is even proud of his apparently meager accomplishments because at one point in time, graduating itself had seemed a tall order for him. To cut a long story short, the author had not been making the right choices in life but he has since bounced back. The researcher has learned through the counsel of one very remarkable lecturer that the choices in life are mine to make, and mine to live with, regardless of the circumstances or his upbringing. The researcher is taking that advice again as he is writing this letter. The researcher is making the choice to seek en trance in one of the toughest programs at McGill University because he knows he is worth it.

Polymath a Man of Many Talents Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Polymath a Man of Many Talents - Research Paper Example A person of great stature can be a tragic hero not anyone else and these guidelines were followed by almost all the great writers, this goes to show a lot about Aristotle and his achievements. William Shakespeare also incorporated Aristotle’s guidelines in his tragedies. Hamlet is a classic example of the same, Hamlet suffers all along in the tragedy, he was the tragic hero because he was a person with great stature, the Prince of Denmark. Aristotle also wrote about tragic flaws and how the same affected the tragic hero. This paper will shed more light upon the life and the philosophy of one and only Aristotle. â€Å"Aristotle (384–322 B.C.E.) numbers among the greatest philosophers of all time. Judged solely in terms of his philosophical influence, only Plato is his peer: Aristotle's works shaped centuries of philosophy from Late Antiquity through the Renaissance, and even today continue to be studied with keen, non-antiquarian interest. A prodigious researcher and wr iter, Aristotle left a great body of work, perhaps numbering as many as two-hundred treatises, from which approximately thirty-one survive.† (Aristotle) Aristotle’s Philosophy Procrastination can be sustained by rational decisions and this can even be applied on an addict in order to cure him of his addiction. Intransitive preferences, comprehensively throws light upon our delays which may seem to be irrational and it also expansively presents our preference for rewards which we may get immediately; it also presents our regrets later for having made our choice. A report that is due on Thursday is only worked upon on Tuesday or Wednesday but not Monday and this goes to show the theory of intransitive preference, this procrastination and the belief in working upon the report tomorrow is what this theory is all about. This paper will expansively present the concept of aesthetics, the story of David and the choice that he made will also be analyzed in this paper. A complete round-up of how people choose and rate a piece of art will be provided in this paper. Imagination takes centre stage when it comes to deciding a piece of art or any beautiful thing for that matter. Understanding is seldom used when we decide about a beautiful piece of art and this also gives rise to cognition. A judgment of taste has nothing to do with our understanding or logic, it is all about aesthetic sense and whatever appeals to our aesthetic sense is appreciated and chosen by us. When it is accepted that a masterpiece is beautiful, it is contemplated upon and people unanimously conclude that it is beautiful, how it is judged in our contemplation is what matters the most. For instance, if someone is asked to comment about a very huge and a beautiful palace, he might not even be interested in such huge palaces and would conclude by saying that the hard-earned money of the people must never be squandered in building such superfluous buildings. It is suggested that we have to be indifferent when it comes to judging matters of taste only then can we do justice to it. Aristotle’s Thoughts on Aesthetic Judgment Concepts like agreeable and non agreeable are very important when it comes to judging a work of art or for that matter any other work that involves the use of aesthetic sense.